Research Proposal Sample Essay

Sample Research Proposal Resident canful Smith, PGY2 Research Mentor Jane Doe, MD, Section of General Internal Medicine insure of Proposal February 5, 2009 I. Title of Proposed Research chuck Medical Students as Mediators of variety in Tobacco UseII. Specific Aims In conducting this study, we will effectuate the following peculiar(prenominal) aims Specific Aim 1. Comp are the effectiveness of the leg special(prenominal) sess period focal pointing incumbrance with the control preventative by evaluating the impact on the following uncomplaining outcomes at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months a) halt rate, b) microscope stage of change, c) desire to quit, d) motivation to quit, e) trustfulness in quitting (self-efficacy), and f) nicotine dependance. Hypothesis 1. Patients counseled by students initially trained in stage specific smoking cessation focusing will pay back higher quit rates, improve their stage of change, increase their desire to quit, be more do to quit, have higher sanction in quitting, and have less nicotine dependence at 12 months.Specific Aim 2. Compare the effectiveness of the stage specific smoking cessation steering intervention with the control intervention by evaluating the impact on the following do byes of care rated by endurings at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months a) gratification with the quality of care in general, and b) mirth with the quality of care related to smoking cessation counseling. Hypothesis 2. Patients counseled by students initially trained in smoking-specific behavioral counseling will have greater satisfaction with both measures of quality of care at 12 months.III. Background Tobacco is the only legally sold product cognize to cause death in one half of its regular users.(1) Thus, of the estimated 1.3 trillion people in the world who smoke, n earlyish 650 million will demote prematurely as a consequence.(1) In the united States, approximately 25% of men and 20% of women, or 46 million adults, smoke.(2) The financial bell shape of tobacco use in the U.S. is substantial. Estimated costs include $75 billon per form in medical expenditures and $80 billion from lost productivity.(3) The personal health risks of smoking are even more significant with respect to unwholesomeness and mortality.Although the role of physicians in cessation efforts has been 1 demonstrated, many physicians fail to counsel tolerants. The most common reasons cited for lack of counseling include inadequate raising and time pressures. Our intervention will target medical students in the early stages of training. The proposed intervention will provide a foundation for medical learners in stage specific counseling and will aid physicians in primary election employment to help their patients stop smoking. The rationale for this program is that providing education early and allowing students to use these skills with patients in the community can help 1) future physicians with confidence in smoking cessation counseling, 2) physicians in the community who may not have adequate time to counsel patients, and 3) patients whose health may be at risk from smoking.IV. Research Methods Study Design Randomized cross-over struggle consisting of two smoking cessation counseling interventions 1) counseling intervention including patient education, written material and followup by students who have been trained in stage specific tobacco cessation techniques, and 2) counseling intervention that includes patient education, written material and follow-up by students who have been trained in non-smoking cessation techniques (exercise counseling). Setting Community practice sites in internal medication, family medicine and pediatrics throughout Connecticut where medial students watch weekly tenaciousness sessions with physician preceptors. Study Subjects 80 first-year medical students and 308-350 patients aged 16 years or older in the students community practice sites who are seeing the students physician preceptor for any reason and meet criteria of smoking one or more cigarette daily in the foregoing week.Randomization Students will be hit-or-missized by the day they attend their Principles of Clinical Medicine Course and trained in stage specific tobacco cessation counseling or exercise counseling. After 6 months, students will receive training in the other behavioral counseling technique. Main Outcome Measures patients quit rate, stage of change, desire to quit, motivation to quit, confidence in quitting (self-efficacy), and nicotine dependence at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months.Process Measures patient satisfaction with the quality of care in general, and satisfaction with the quality of care related to smoking cessation counseling. Analyses patient level analyses of main outcome and process measures comparing patients who received counseling from students trained in smoking cessation counseling and patients who received counseling from students trained in exercise counseling adjusting for pote ntial confounding factors. We will use logistic regression for dichotomous outcomes and linear regression for continuous outcomes. We will use generalized estimating equations (GEE) and random effects modeling to allow us to adjust for time-dependent covariatesV. Timeline of Research Project Month Activity Student randomization Train standardized patient Assess student behavioral counseling skills Train student in smoking or exercise counseling Assessment of office practice sites Train medical assistants to recruit patients Recruit patients Patient counseling in the flesh(predicate) Patient counseling by phone selective information collection Data analysis Prepare publication(s) Present research at scientific meetings 1 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 2 3-4 5 6-9 10-12 13-14VI. literature Cited 1. World Health Organization Website WHO tobacco Treaty set to stimulate law, making global public health history. WHO . 2005. 1-17-2005. 2. Cigarette smoking among adultsUnited States , 2001. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2003 52(40)953-956. 3. Centers for Disease Control. Targeting Tobacco Use, the Nations leading Cause of Death 2004. CDC. 2005. 1-19-2005. 3